The paper deals with the first steps of the PRC government aimed at reforming the social security system. In the 1950s-1970s social security system was limited and covered first of all families of party officials and public servants. During implementation of economic reforms, the social security system began to cover a wider range of workers. The PRC government studied the standard of living of various layers of the Chinese society. According to the data obtained the Chinese authorities began changing the policy on rendering the limited assistance to the most needing city dwellers. Country people haven’t been covered by the social security system and relied on own forces. This social policy led to social stratification of the Chinese society.
本文论述了中国政府改革社会保障制度的第一步。20世纪50-70年代,社会保障制度是有限的,首先覆盖的是党员干部和公务员的家庭。在实施经济改革的过程中,社会保障制度开始覆盖更广泛的劳动者。中国政府研究了中国社会不同阶层的生活水平。根据已得数据,中国当局开始改变向最需要帮助的城市居民提供有限援助的政策。农村居民没有被社会保障体系覆盖,只能依靠自己的力量。这种社会政策导致了中国社会的社会分层。