This article is focused on ordinal numerals in the Chinese language, which are understood as numerals denoting the order and sequence of things and phenomena. The morphological indicators of order in Chinese numerals are such prefixes as dì , tóu , chū , and lǎo , the first one being the most widespread. Marking an ordinal numeral with a prefix is a relatively new phenomenon in Chinese. Sometimes numerals having no formal indicator of order fulfil the ordinal function. The prefixless way of ordering is used to enumerate years, relatives, the order children are born in a family, the order of monarchs, classes, grades and sorts, buildings and floors, bus routes, organizational structures and organizational units, exercises, pieces of writing (Literary works) and articles, as well as books. On the basis of the theory of oppositions, this paper maintains that such numerals are cardinal. The choice between the use and non-use of a prefix largely depends on the corresponding noun. In addition, the symbols belonging to the two sets of characters - the Heavenly Stems and the Earthly Branches (the periodic signs) - often function as ordinal numerals while enumerating scores, Literary characters, grades, organizational structures, time of the day, and years according to the Chinese lunar calendar. The division into cardinal and ordinal numerals is not applicable to these numerals as they can only be ordinal. A.A. Dragunov has his own view on the theory of ordinal numerals in Chinese. In light of his theory about the full and short forms of Chinese numerals, the former are used with a count word while the latter, without it. Full-form numerals are unable to carry out the ordinal function without a prefix. Conversely, short-form numerals need no prefix to express the ordinal meaning.
本文重点介绍汉语中的序数数字，它们被理解为表示事物和现象的顺序和顺序的数字。中文数字的形态指标是前缀第，头，初和老，第一个是最普遍的。在中文中用前缀标记序数是一种相对较新的现象。有时，没有正式顺序指示的数字会履行序数功能。无前缀的排序方式用于枚举年份，亲戚，子女在家庭中的出生顺序，君主，阶级，等级和种类，建筑物和楼层，公交路线，组织结构和组织单位，习题，写作（文学作品）和文章以及书籍。根据对立理论，本文认为此类数字是基数。在使用和不使用前缀之间的选择在很大程度上取决于相应的名词。此外，属于两类字符的符号,就是天干和地上的分支（周期性符号），在枚举分数，文学字符，等级，组织结构，一天中的时间和年份时，通常用作序数数字。根据中国的农历。基数和序数的划分不适用于这些数字，因为它们只能是序数。德拉古诺夫对中文的序数理论有自己的看法。根据他关于汉字全形和短形的理论，前者用于计数字，而后者则用于计数字。如果没有前缀，则全形数字无法执行序数功能。相反，简短形式的数字无需前缀即可表示序数含义。