The article aims to show how the social structure of the traditional Chinese society was formed and how this process influenced the formation of such features of the Chinese mentality as the tendency to develop a hierarchy, situationality, orientation at the inner circle. The author proposes a comprehensive model of social and personal elements interaction in the social life of ancient China. The paper analyzes the socio economic backgrounds for the origin of “voluntary” collectivism in China. The author reveals the essence of this phenomenon and argues that in ancient China social integration occurred due to horizontal integration of private relations, not vertical subordination of individuals to the code of universal principles. The author shows how such a type of collectivism influenced the Chinese mentality and political culture.
本文旨在揭示中国传统社会的社会结构是如何形成的,以及如此过程是如何影响中国人心理特征的形成的,如等级性,情境性,中心化严重等。笔者发现了这一现象的实质,认为中国古代社会融合是由于私人关系的复杂整合,而作者展示了这种集散主义是如何影响中国人的心理和政治文化的。