The article discusses the history of development and the way the Bible is translated into Chinese and Russian. The Bible is not only a classic document of Christianity, but also a comprehensive encyclopedia, an important source for studying the history of culture of the East and West. This is the most monumental translated historical document in the world. Bible translations are published in different languages in a large circulation for an impressive number of readers from different countries. Despite the fact that the study of Bible translations as a special branch of the humanities has existed for a long time, a comparative analysis of Chinese and Russian Bible translations is a new direction in translation studies, which sets the relevance of this study. And the article helps to prepare a dissertation. A comparative analysis of translations showed significant differences in the understanding of this classical work of religious culture by Chinese and Russian translators, due to the influence of a number of historical and cultural factors and a special geographical environment. At the same time, a comparative study of “culturally loaded” concepts and expressions in Chinese and Russian Bible translations made in different historical periods also showed that the theories and principles of translation, strategies and methods used by Chinese and Russian translators are very similar. In order to translate the values of traditional Christian culture, translators use two opposing techniques aimed at “domestication” and internationalization, combining the methods of literal and free translation. A comparative study of the translation of the Bible in Chinese and Russian languages contributes not only to the active study of outstanding monuments of world culture and religion, but also to intercultural exchange between peoples.
本文探讨了《圣经》的发展历史和其汉俄翻译的方法。《圣经》不仅是基督教的经典文献,而且是一部综合性的百科全书,是研究东西方文化史的重要资料来源。这是世界上最具纪念意义的翻译历史文献。《圣经》在不同的国家出版了大量不同语言的译本。尽管《圣经》翻译研究作为人文学科的一个特殊分支已经存在了很长一段时间,但汉俄圣经翻译的比较分析是翻译研究的一个新方向,这就决定了这一研究的现实意义。这篇文章有助于准备一篇学位论文。通过对翻译作品的比较分析,发现中俄译者对这部宗教文化经典作品的理解存在着显著差异,这是由于受诸多历史文化因素和特殊地理环境的影响。