Traditional games are an integral part of Chinese culture. Many Chinese researchers have shown interest in studying this phenomenon. The article discusses the peculiarities of the approach of Chinese scientists to the definition of the phenomenon of Chinese traditional game. In the PRC, traditional name for games – “yuoxi” – mean folk games, as well as gambling, which are widespread in the life of the people. Since there are 56 nationalities who inhabit China, a large variety of different games developed there. Hence the classifications of traditional games vary in the number of types and principles of gaming activity. In the process of studying the classifications of games made by various Chinese scientists, the authors of the article distinguish approximately five main types of games (including games that children play): role-playing games, outdoor games, intellectual games, games for the company and gambling (or games of chance). The article analyzes the ways of the games' emergence associated with the religious beliefs of the ancient Chinese, magic rituals, physical labor and military affairs. A game is not just a physical act, a complex activity combining the development of physical and intellectual skills and abilities. But also, a way of forming the national identity. Therefore, the importance of sociocultural practices for the formation of ethnic identity cannot be overestimated. The authors analyze the relationship of game activity and learning, character and moral character enrichment, beneficiation of such aspects of spiritual and material culture as literature, art, sports, dancing, drama, circus arts.
传统游戏是中国文化不可或缺的一部分。许多中国研究人员对研究这种现象表现出兴趣。本文讨论了中国科学家对中国传统博弈现象定义的方法的特殊性。在中国,游戏的传统名称是指民间游戏以及赌博,在人们的生活中十分普遍。由于有56个民族居住在中国,因此在那里发展了各种各样的游戏。因此,传统游戏的分类在游戏活动的类型和原理上有所不同。在研究各种中国科学家制作的游戏的分类过程中,本文的作者区分了大约五种主要游戏类型(包括儿童玩的游戏):角色扮演游戏,户外游戏,智力游戏,公司游戏和赌博。文章分析了与古代中国人的宗教信仰,魔术仪式,体力劳动和军事活动相关的游戏的出现方式。游戏不仅是一种物理行为,而且是将物理和智力技能与能力发展结合起来的复杂活动。而且,这是形成民族身份的一种方式。因此,不能高估社会文化习俗对形成种族认同的重要性。作者分析了游戏活动与学习,性格和道德品格充实,精神文化和物质文化如文学,艺术,体育,舞蹈,戏剧,马戏艺术等方面的联系。